44 | Dezember 2019: Methoden / Methods - NSL – Netzwerk Stadt und Landschaft

Sehr geehrte Leserinnen und Leser

Die am NSL erforschten Methoden sind so divers wie deren Anwendungsgebiete: «Urban Commons» für neue urbane Sozialräume, «Backcasting» für partizipative Planungsprozesse, «real options» für schwer vorhersehbare städtische Infrastruktur-Anpassungen, das Gehen oder Spazieren für eine Gebietsanalyse, «Equasim» für agentenbasierte Modellierungen, «Punktwolken-Modellierungen» für die Umgestaltung von Landschaften und «virtuelle Realität» für die Planung von Radwegen…

Wir wünschen viel informatives Lesevergnügen!

Paolo Mendes da Rocha, MMBB Arquitetos. Sesc 24 de Maio, 2000-2017 © Claudia Kim

Collective Actors and the Production of the City: Urban Commons in Research

Irina Davidovici, Nicole la Hausse de Lalouviere | chair of Tom Avermaete, History and Theory of Urban Design

In her book Governing the Commons (1990), political economist and Nobel prize winner Elinor Ostrom identified spaces and infrastructures as ‘common resources’ fostered by groups of citizens in order to resist top-down governance and commodification. Today, the notion of the ‘urban commons’ appears as an index for historians to look more closely at a number of collective actors and operations that have gone beyond the dominant agencies of the state and the market to develop new types of urban spaces. Our research examines the collective actors behind urban initiatives and spatial resources conceived as a ‘common good’.

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Zukunftsbild Wauwiler Ebene. Erarbeitet in der Landwirtschaftlichen Planung (LP+), 2019 © PLUS, ETH Zürich. | Zitate: «Die Produktion von Lebensmitteln stellt den Hauptbestandteil der landwirtschaftlichen Tätigkeit dar. Die Bewirtschafter sind stolz darauf, standortangepasst zu produzieren und vielfältige Produkte anzubieten.» | «Landwirtschaftliche Bauten können im erforderlichen Umfang realisiert werden. Es findet laufend eine Koordination mit der Archäologie, der Naherholung und anderen Nutzungen statt. Eine hohe Siedlungsqualität ist auf der 2019 bestehenden Siedlungsfläche erreicht.» | «Ein vielfältiges, vernetztes Lebensraummosaik mit Feuchtgebieten ist ein Fundament der ‹Landschaftsperle Wauwiler Ebene› und der hohen Biodiversität in der Wauwiler Ebene.» | «Für Familien ist der Ausflug in die Wauwiler Ebene ein Erlebnis. Dafür bilden die Leistungen der Landwirtschaft das Fundament und die Bevölkerung schätzt diese Leistungen.» | «Die Bewirtschafter profitieren vom Wissen früherer Generationen. Dies – kombiniert mit aktuellem Know-how – ist eine Stärke der Wauwiler Ebene. So ist die Wauwiler Ebene ein Vorbild beim Umgang mit der Ressource Wasser sowie bei der Koordination der Themen Wegenetz und Freizeitnutzung.»

Backcasting – vom Übermorgen zum Heute: Modellgestützte Landschaftsplanung

Sven-Erik Rabe, Enrico Celio | Professur Adrienne Grêt-Regamey, Planung von Landschaft und Urbanen Systemen (PLUS)

Partizipative Planungsprozesse leben von einer gemeinsamen Vision der Beteiligten. Sie hilft, den Prozess und die Diskussionen konstruktiv zu gestalten. Es bleibt jedoch offen, welche Schritte und Massnahmen zur Erreichung der Vision erforderlich sind. Am Fall Wauwiler Ebene wurden diese Fragen mit der Methode des Backcastings beantwortet und Handlungsschwerpunkte definiert.

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Film still from Blade Runner (1982) Los Angeles. © and Source: https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/10/2/16375126/blade-runner-future-city-ridley-scott

Future-proofed Urban Areas: Real Options in Urban Planning

Dr. Claudio Martani | chair of Bryan T. Adey, Infrastructure Management

The societal needs for infrastructure change drastically over time depending on a large variety of factors, which are very difficult to predict. It is in the face of this massive uncertainty, that urban planners are expected to make infrastructure decisions. To minimize the service risks over time, the real options method is used to develop future-proofed urban areas.

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Zurich Walkabout: Roaming through the Unbuilt (photo: Nazlı Tümerdem)

Walking in the Territory

Dr. Nazlı Tümerdem | chair of Milica Topalović, Architecture and Territorial Planning

Can we, as researchers of the territory, still investigate and learn about our built and the unbuilt environments through direct experience? Can we rely merely on digital cartographies, or should we still be explorers who embark on journeys of discovery? We have tried to answer these questions by walking in the city in order to discover what is hidden, and by travelling the world of literature in order to arrive at critical insights.

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Visualisation of eqasim generated MATsim agents in action in the centre of Paris/Zurich.

Eqasim: An Open-source and Extensible Platform for Building Agent-based Models

Sebastian Hörl, Miloš Balać | chair of Kay W. Axhausen, Transport Planning and Systems (IVT)

Agent-based models in transportation model individual travelers and their interaction in the transport system on a micro-level. A natural advantage of agent-based models are flexibility and the ability to model emergent behavior. Work at IVT has produced a new software package, eqasim, that drastically simplifies the design of scenarios for agent based models using open data.

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Designing with the Form of the Landscape

Philipp RW Urech | Future Cities Lab (FCL) | chair of Christophe Girot, Landscape Architecture

A new approach in landscape design uses point cloud modeling to integrate spatial, aesthetic and quantitative features of the landscape. The method is applicable in any location and thus makes it useful to a wide range of topics, whether in the context of cultural, agricultural or urban landscapes, with design challenges about rising water levels, flooding, forest fires, noise and air pollution, and urban heat island.

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Cycling in Virtual Reality for Improved Bike Paths

Using Virtual Reality to Evaluate Cyclist’s Perceived Safety

Michael van Eggermond, Mohsen Nazemi | Future Cities Lab (FCL) | chair of Kay W. Axhausen, Transport Planning and Systems (IVT)

Researchers at the Future Cities Laboratory are using virtual reality (VR) in cycling experiments to reveal users’ cycling behaviour and preferences in different environments. These insights can help planners understand and quantify the impact of infrastructure improvements in setting guidelines and prioritization of new infrastructure.

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Kurzmeldungen

Poster Master ETH in Landscape Architecture

New Master of Science ETH in Landscape Architecture

We offer a new two-year master’s programme in landscape architecture at the department of architecture of ETH Zurich with a focus on the design and planning of open spaces and landscapes. This master’s programme in landscape architecture, initiated by Prof. Teresa Galí-Izard, Prof. Christophe Girot and Prof. Günther Vogt, is the first and only such programme in Switzerland.
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New Professor for Landscape Architecture at the LUS

Professor Teresa Galí-Izard (*1974), currently Associate Professor at Harvard Graduate School, Cambridge, USA, has been appointed as Full Professor of Landscape Architecture at the Institute for Landscape and Urban Studies (LUS).

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Tagung Landmanagement – Rück- und Ausblick

Der lebendige ländliche Raum ist eines der grossen Themen der Raumentwicklung. Hier treffen Tradition und wirtschaftliche Innovation, neue Rechtsgrundlagen und Emotionen aufeinander. Die 13. Landmanagement Tagung «Herausforderungen der baulichen Entwicklung im ländlichen Raum» bot den aktuellen und vielfältigen Themen aus Verwaltung, Forschung und Praxis eine Plattform.
Auch der Schwerpunkt der 14. Tagung Landmanagement ist bereits bekannt: am 10. November 2020 steht die Erschliessung und Vernetzung der multifunktionalen Landschaft im Fokus. Sven-Erik Rabe; Planung von Landschaft und Urbanen Systemen (PLUS)

Der Stadtschreiber

Marc Angélil hat die Architekturlehre an der ETH entscheidend mitgeprägt, sowohl als Professor wie auch als Vorsteher des Departements. Seit Jahren forscht er zu politischen, sozialen und ökonomischen Treibern der globalen Verstädterung. Im Rahmen seiner Emeritierung wirft er nochmals einen kritischen Blick auf aktuelle Urbanisierungstrends.

Gespräch mit Prof. Dr. Marc Angélil im ETH Life.

Publikationen

This is a selection. Find a complete list in the ETH Zürich Research Collection.

Buchcover Mutation und Morphose / Mutation and Morphosis, Professur Günther Vogt

Günther Vogt, Thomas Kissling

Mutation und Morphosis. Landscape as Aggregate

Anyone viewing what we call a «landscape» from a distance will recognize that it is an artifact, a habitat created by humans as part of our built environment. Designing this realm carefully is a discipline that is taking on increasing importance today. Günther Vogt, with his practice in VOGT Landscape Architects and as a professor at ETH Zürich, has developed a set of tools and a working method that incorporate all the different dimensions of the human-designed environment, from the large-scale landscape to the small-scale urban public space.

Mutation and Morphosis looks at all the many aspects involved in the collective process of designing and shaping landscapes, from planning to implementation. The model as a tool and the collection as a driving force are illustrated on the basis of an astonishing variety of topics. In theoretical discussions and the examination of detailed dossiers of facts on the ground, a trajectory is traced: from the emergence of new landscapes as a result of climate change to the migration of the wolf to Central Europe, from the impact of invasive plants to the study of geological formation processes. The panorama that unfolds gives us insights into the broad context that landscape architects must consider in their work, exemplifi ed by the outstanding projects realized by VOGT.

Available at Lars Müller Publishers

Edited by Günther Vogt, Thomas Kissling, in collaboration with VOGT Landscape Architects, Case Studio VOGT, and the Chair for Landscape Architecture, ETH Zurich
Design: Integral Lars Müller
16,5 × 24 cm, 6 ½ × 9 ½ in
784 pages, 1187 illustrations
2020, 978-3-03778-619-2, German
2020, 978-3-03778-618-5, English

Khiali-Miab, Amin, van Strien, Maarten J., Axhausen, Kay W. & Adrienne Grêt-Regamey (2019). Combining urban scaling and polycentricity to explain socio-economic status of urban regions. PLoS ONE, 14 (6), e0218022

Amin Khiali-Miab, Maarten J. van Strien, Kay W. Axhausen, Adrienne Grêt-Regamey

Combining Urban Scaling and Polycentricity to Explain Socio-economic Status of Urban Regions

The fast pace of urbanisation may benefit or be detrimental to the socio-economic status of urban areas. Understanding how the configuration of urban areas influences the socio-economic status of their inhabitants is of crucial importance for urban planning.

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Figure 1. Traffic in urban road networks. (a) Shows the layers of urban transportation networks. The city with all streets forms the basis, where a major road network takes over the connecting functions and then the public transport system. Background map is courtesy of OpenStreetMap. (b) Time series of a single detector on a street in Zurich, and (c) the corresponding scatter plot of detector occupancy versus flow. When aggregating al measurements in the purple area in (a), smooth curves in the flow-density domain (d), and in the speed density domain (e) emerge.

Allister Loder, Lukas Ambühl, Monica Menendez, Kay W. Axhausen

Understanding Traffic Capacity of Urban Networks

Traffic in an urban network becomes congested once there is a critical number of vehicles in the network. To improve traffic operations, develop new congestion mitigation strategies, and reduce negative traffic externalities, understanding the basic laws governing the network’s critical number of vehicles and the network’s traffic capacity is necessary.

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Stellenausschreibungen

Urbane Transformationen

Prof. David Kaufmann, Dr. Markus Nollert, PD Joris Van Wezemael | Raum- und Landschaftsenwicklung

Politik und Planung | Raum und Technologie | Design und Raumplanung

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Call for Papers: Public Space – the Real and the Ideal

Call for papers by 6th January 2020.

The aim of the conference is to stress ideas and ideals on public space, both in architecture, landscape architecture, urban design, as well as in (political) philosophy, against the background of the continuous development of technology, from smart phone to smart city.

5th Biennial Conference of the International Society of the Philosophy of Architecture, to be held August 2nd to August 5th 2020, Monte Verità (near Locarno), Switzerland. Co-organized by the ETH Zurich, chair of Prof. Tom Avermaete, and EPFL, Laboratorium Van Gerrewey.

Redaktionsteam

Isabelle Fehlmann, Institut für Landschaft und Urbane Studien (LUS), Landschaftsarchitektur
Melanie Fessel, Institut für Landschaft und Urbane Studien (LUS), Städtebau
Claudia Gebert, Koordinationsstelle NSL, Chefredaktion
Metaxia Markaki, Institut für Landschaft und Urbane Studien (LUS), Städtebau
Joe Molloy, Institut für Verkehrsplanung und Transportsysteme (IVT)
Bettina Weibel, Institut für Raum- und Landschaftsentwicklung (IRL)